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synapse-sr

Sentinel-2 at 2 m, with every pixel accounted for

PyPI tests docs Open in Colab Open in Kaggle

RV University, Bengaluru: Sentinel-2 10 m and synapse-sr 2 m

synapse-sr turns a Sentinel-2 L2A scene into a 2.0 m red / green / blue / near-infrared GeoTIFF. A physical model of the instrument pins everything the satellite measured. The network only adds what 10 m pixels cannot show, and every output says which pixels came from the measurement and which came from the learned prior.

pip install synapse-sr
import synapse_sr

r = synapse_sr.super_resolve("sentinel2_l2a.tif")   # progress bar, then a 5x larger result
r.save("sentinel2_2m.tif")                           # georeferenced, same CRS and bounds
r.summary()                                          # size, consistency, support, time
synapse-sr sentinel2_l2a.tif sentinel2_2m.tif        # the same from the shell

What it is for

One line
Crop monitoring r.indices()["ndvi"], synapse_sr.boundaries(r, "field") NDVI, SAVI, EVI, red-edge NDRE, field edges at 2 m
Urban analysis synapse_sr.boundaries(r, "urban"), r.indices()["ndbi"] buildings, roads, built-up index
Water and floods synapse_sr.change(before, after, "ndwi") flooded area in km², shoreline strength
Disaster assessment synapse_sr.change(before, after, "nbr") burn scars, landslides, debris; changes flagged only where both dates are trustworthy

Worked examples for each: Applications.

Pro or Flash

Pro (default) Flash
Network 14.4 M-parameter state-space (Mamba) model ~0.6 M-parameter convolutional model
Best on GPU: Colab, Kaggle, workstations any CPU, laptops, integrated graphics, Apple silicon, ARM
Load Pro.from_pretrained() Flash.from_pretrained() (weights not released yet)
Physics guarantees identical identical

Both share the same observation-consistent pipeline, so the same guarantees hold for either one. Flash weights are not released yet. Until they are, use Pro, which also runs on CPU (more slowly). synapse-sr --models shows what is published.

Why trust the output

r.x_base        # what the 10 m observation determines
r.prior         # what the network added (x_base + prior == image), invisible to the sensor
r.support       # per pixel: 2 observation-determined, 1 medium, 0 prior-dominated or invalid
r.uncertainty() # calibrated expected error per pixel and band
r.consistency   # re-observing the output reproduces the input, in sensor-noise units

x_hat = x_base + P_N(delta): P_N removes every component the sensor could have seen from the network's output, so the network cannot contradict the measurement. See How it works.

Runs everywhere

Platform What you get
Colab / Kaggle GPU Pro with a Triton scan kernel, compiled on first use (no extra installs)
Linux GPU + mamba-ssm fused CUDA kernel (pip install "synapse-sr[cuda]")
Windows / macOS / CPU-only / ARM exact PyTorch path; Flash recommended
Offline / air-gapped Pro.from_pretrained(weights="model.safetensors")

synapse-sr --env shows what is active on your machine.

Documentation

Quick start · Colab and Kaggle · Applications · Examples · API · Limitations

Limitations, in short. A 2 m grid is not 2 m effective resolution; no effective-resolution figure is claimed for this release. Only B04, B03, B02 and B08 are super-resolved; the 20 m bands are spectral context. The training references are from the United States.

Citation and acknowledgements
@software{synapse_sr,
  title  = {synapse-sr: observation-consistent super-resolution of Sentinel-2 imagery},
  author = {Naidu, Sharadh},
  year   = {2026},
  url    = {https://github.com/SharadhNaidu/synapse-sr}
}
  • The Mamba backbone and the Flash building blocks derive from SEN2SR (ESA OpenSR, CC0-1.0); see THIRD_PARTY_NOTICES.
  • The optional fused kernel comes from mamba-ssm (Apache-2.0).
  • Sentinel-2 data: Copernicus programme, European Space Agency.

Release files for synapse-sr 0.3.0

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