tentags 0.1.8

A declarative template language and Intermediate Representation (IR) for automated HTML, Excel, and PDF table/document generation.

TenTags 🏷️

TenTags is a declarative template language and Intermediate Representation (IR) for automated HTML, Excel (.xlsx), and PDF table and document generation.

💡 Why TenTags? (A Language for Programs & AI, Not Manual Editing)

While general markup formats are designed for humans to manually write text, TenTags is designed specifically as a Template DSL for programs, server engines, and AI agents.

Whether you are building backend report pipelines, ERP/CRM accounting modules, invoice generators, or LLM-driven document agents, generating clean TenTags strings via loops and f-strings is orders of magnitude simpler and safer than emitting verbose HTML strings with inline style="" or hundreds of lines of openpyxl / reportlab API calls:

# Programmatically generate high-fidelity reports with dynamic loops and f-strings:
formula = f'''
5,4,1,"#ccc","solid",0,40, data(
    <bg=#1e293b><color=white><b><cm>{report_title}, , , </cm></b></color></bg>;
    {generated_rows_from_db}
)'''

⚙️ Intermediate Representation (IR) Compiler Architecture

At its core, TenTags decouples markup tokenization from rendering by compiling formulas into a unified TableModel (AST/IR). Because TableModel serves as a clean Intermediate Representation, you can compile exact multi-cell grid merges (<cm>, <rm>), typography (<fs>, <b>, <i>), alignments, and pattern fills (<bg>, <color>) across all three major corporate backends:

Text Formula
     ↓
   Lexer
     ↓
  Tokens
     ↓
  Parser
     ↓
 TableModel (Intermediate Representation / IR)
   ↙    ↓    ↘
HTML  Excel  PDF (.pdf)   [Future: DOCX, Canvas, Flutter...]

• 🎯 Target Audience: Backend developers (FastAPI, Django, Flask), ERP/CRM financial engines, automated invoice/receipt generators, and AI/LLM agents.
• 🤖 AI & LLM Native: LLMs generate exact, compact TenTags formulas reliably without CSS layout bugs or Excel/PDF API hallucinations.
• 🔀 Declarative Grid Merges: Effortlessly merge cells rightward across columns (<cm>) and downward across rows (<rm>).
• 🎨 Rich Typography & Styling: Inline control over font size (<fs>), bold (<b>), italic (<i>), alignment (<left>, <center>, <right>), text color (<color=>), and cell fills (<bg=>).
• 📊 Triple Backend Rendering: Directly compile your IR to high-fidelity HTML (render_html), native Excel (.xlsx) (render_xlsx), or vector PDF (.pdf) (render_pdf).
• ⚡ Lightweight & Modular Runtime: Pure Python runtime (xml.etree.ElementTree) for DSL tokenization and HTML rendering. Optional Excel export (openpyxl) and PDF export (reportlab).

---

⚡ Quick Code → Result

Write this concise, expressive TenTags formula:

import tentags

formula = '''3,2,1,"#cbd5e1","solid",0,40, data(
    <fs=16><bg=#1e293b><color=white><b><cm><center>Quarter Report, ,</center></cm></b></color></bg></fs>;
    <b>Sales</b>, <right>"$120,000"</right>;
    <b>Marketing</b>, <right>"$80,000"</right>
)'''

# 1. Render directly to high-fidelity HTML string
html_table = tentags.render(formula)

# 2. Compile IR for Excel (.xlsx) and PDF (.pdf) export
model = tentags.parse(formula)

# Export to native Excel (.xlsx)
tentags.render_xlsx(model, "Quarter_Report.xlsx")

# Export to vector PDF (.pdf)
tentags.render_pdf(model, "Quarter_Report.pdf")

↓ Faithful Visual Output across HTML, Excel (.xlsx) and PDF (.pdf):

Quarter Report (Merged across 2 columns (<cm>), 16px Bold White text, Dark Slate #1e293b fill)	—
Sales (Bold)	$120,000 (Right aligned)
Marketing (Bold)	$80,000 (Right aligned)

---

⚙️ Formula Structure & The Preamble

A TenTags formula consists of two parts: the Preamble (which defines global table structure, grid borders, and sizing) and the Data Block (which contains the cell contents and styles).

Example formula layout:

 1   2   3      4         5     6   7
 ──  ──  ──  ───────   ───────  ─  ──
 4 , 4 , 1 ,"#cbd5e1","solid", 0, 45, data(...)

Position	Parameter	Type	Description
1	rows	int	The total number of rows in the table grid.
2	cols	int	The total number of columns in the table grid.
3	border_width	int / float	The width of the grid lines in pixels.
4	border_color	str	HEX color string (e.g., "#cbd5e1") for the grid lines.
5	border_style	str	Style of the grid lines ("solid", "dashed", or "dotted").
6	stretch	int	Auto-stretching behavior. 0 maintains fixed cell heights, 1 stretches the grid.
7	cell_height	int	Default height of each row in pixels.

Following these 7 preamble parameters, the formula is completed by the data(...) block where the actual table cells are defined row-by-row, separated by semicolons (;) and columns separated by commas (,).

---

🏷️ The 10 Tags in data(...)

TenTags derives its name from the 10 core structural and styling tags supported inside the data(...) argument block:

#	Tag / Syntax	Type	Description	Example
1	<fs=...>	Typography	Sets custom font size (font-size in HTML, size in Excel openpyxl).	data(<fs=16>Heading</fs>, Text)
2	<b>...</b>	Typography	Renders cell text in Bold font weight (font-weight: bold).	data(<b>Total</b>, 100)
3	<i>...</i>	Typography	Renders cell text in Italic font style (font-style: italic).	data(<i>Pending</i>, Done)
4	<left>	Alignment	Aligns cell content to the left (text-align: left).	data(<left>Left aligned text)
5	<center>	Alignment	Aligns cell content to the center (text-align: center).	data(<center>Centered text)
6	<right>	Alignment	Aligns cell content to the right (text-align: right).	data(<right>Right aligned $5,000)
7	<color=...>	Text Color	Sets custom HEX or CSS text color (color: ... / font color).	data(<color=#ef4444>Error</color>, OK)
8	<bg=...>	Background Fill	Sets cell background fill color (background-color: ... / PatternFill).	data(<bg=#f8fafc>Summary</bg>, $500)
9	<cm>...</cm>	Column Merge	Merges the cell rightward with adjacent columns (colspan).	data(<cm>Merged Title, ,</cm>; A, B)
10	<rm>...</rm>	Row Merge	Merges the cell downward with rows below it (rowspan).	data(<rm>Date</rm>, Job; , Engineer)

Note on Tag Transfer & Empty Elements: Notice how empty elements (such as , , or , ;) are used when adjacent cells are absorbed by a <cm> horizontal merge or <rm> vertical merge. TenTags automatically transfers and preserves all active tags across cell boundaries without requiring explicit None placeholders.

---

📦 Installation

Install from PyPI via pip:

pip install tentags

For Excel (.xlsx) export, install the optional excel dependency:

pip install tentags[excel]
# or directly: pip install openpyxl

For PDF (.pdf) export, install the optional pdf dependency:

pip install tentags[pdf]
# or directly: pip install reportlab

To install all optional backends at once:

pip install tentags[all]

---

🎨 Advanced Example: Beautiful Styled Table & Merges

Here is how a single, clean TenTags expression generates an enterprise-grade financial dashboard table featuring merged headers (<cm>), custom font sizing (<fs>), cell background colors (<bg=>), text alignment (<left>, <right>), and custom typography (<b>, <i>, <color=>) across both HTML and Excel (.xlsx):

import tentags

# Define an advanced 4x4 styled financial performance grid using clean empty elements (, ,) inside merges
formula = '''4,4,1,"#cbd5e1","solid",0,45, data(
    <fs=18><bg=#1e293b><color=white><b><cm>Q3 Financial Performance Dashboard, , , , </cm></b></color></bg></fs>;
    <bg=#f1f5f9><b><left>Department</left></b></bg>, <bg=#f1f5f9><b><center>Revenue</center></b></bg>, <bg=#f1f5f9><b><center>Expenses</center></b></bg>, <bg=#f1f5f9><b><center>Net Profit</center></b></bg>;
    <left>Engineering</left>, <right>"$240,000"</right>, <right>"$180,000"</right>, <bg=#dcfce7><color=#166534><b><right>"+$60,000"</right></b></color></bg>;
    <left>Sales & Marketing</left>, <right>"$310,000"</right>, <right>"$210,000"</right>, <bg=#dcfce7><color=#166534><b><right>"+$100,000"</right></b></color></bg>
)'''

# Compile IR once — render to any backend
model = tentags.parse(formula)

# 1. Export to native Excel (.xlsx) with exact fonts, fills & merge_cells
tentags.render_xlsx(model, "Q3_Financial_Dashboard.xlsx")

# 2. Export to vector PDF (.pdf) via ReportLab
tentags.render_pdf(model, "Q3_Financial_Dashboard.pdf")

# 3. Render to responsive HTML string with inline CSS
html_table = tentags.render_html(model)
print(html_table)

📋 Visual Structure & Styling Result:

---

📊 Excel Matrix Example: Row Merges (<rm>), Column Merges (<cm>) & Colors

To see how TenTags shines as a native Excel spreadsheet generator, here is a 5x5 Enterprise Allocation Matrix utilizing combined row merges (<rm>), multi-column merges (<cm>), clean empty elements ( , , ), and classic Microsoft Excel color palettes (#1F4E78, #DDEBF7, #E2EFDA, #FFF2CC):

import tentags

# Define an Excel matrix with vertical row merges (<rm>) and horizontal column merges (<cm>)
excel_formula = '''5,5,1,"#B0C4DE","solid",0,35, data(
    <fs=16><bg=#1F4E78><color=white><b><cm>2026 Enterprise Budget & Allocation Matrix, , , , </cm></b></color></bg></fs>;
    <bg=#DDEBF7><b><rm><center>Category</center></rm></b></bg>, <bg=#DDEBF7><b><cm><center>Q1 & Q2 Allocation, </center></cm></b></bg>, <bg=#DDEBF7><b><cm><center>Q3 & Q4 Allocation, </center></cm></b></bg>;
    <bg=#DDEBF7><b><rm> </rm></b></bg>, <bg=#F2F2F2><b><center>Hardware</center></b></bg>, <bg=#F2F2F2><b><center>Software</center></b></bg>, <bg=#F2F2F2><b><center>Hardware</center></b></bg>, <bg=#F2F2F2><b><center>Software</center></b></bg>;
    <bg=#FFF2CC><b><left>R&D Division</left></b></bg>, <right>"$150,000"</right>, <right>"$85,000"</right>, <right>"$120,000"</right>, <right>"$95,000"</right>;
    <bg=#E2EFDA><color=#375623><b><left>Total Budget</left></b></color></bg>, <bg=#E2EFDA><color=#375623><b><cm><right>"$235,000", </right></cm></b></color></bg>, <bg=#E2EFDA><color=#375623><b><cm><right>"+$215,000", </right></cm></b></color></bg>
)'''

# Compile IR once — export to all three backends
model = tentags.parse(excel_formula)

# Export to native Excel (.xlsx)
tentags.render_xlsx(model, "Enterprise_Budget_Matrix.xlsx")

# Export to vector PDF (.pdf)
tentags.render_pdf(model, "Enterprise_Budget_Matrix.pdf")

🗓️ Visual Spreadsheet Grid Structure (A1:E5):

#	Tag / Syntax	Type	Description	Example
1	<fs=...>	Typography	Sets custom font size (font-size in HTML, size in Excel openpyxl).	data(<fs=16>Heading</fs>, Text)
2	<b>...</b>	Typography	Renders cell text in Bold font weight (font-weight: bold).	data(<b>Total</b>, 100)
3	<i>...</i>	Typography	Renders cell text in Italic font style (font-style: italic).	data(<i>Pending</i>, Done)
4	<left>	Alignment	Aligns cell content to the left (text-align: left).	data(<left>Left aligned text)
5	<center>	Alignment	Aligns cell content to the center (text-align: center).	data(<center>Centered text)
6	<right>	Alignment	Aligns cell content to the right (text-align: right).	data(<right>Right aligned $5,000)
7	<color=...>	Text Color	Sets custom HEX or CSS text color (color: ... / font color).	data(<color=#ef4444>Error</color>, OK)
8	<bg=...>	Background Fill	Sets cell background fill color (background-color: ... / PatternFill).	data(<bg=#f8fafc>Summary</bg>, $500)
9	<cm>...</cm>	Column Merge	Merges the cell rightward with adjacent columns (colspan).	data(<cm>Merged Title</cm>, None; A, B)
10	<rm>...</rm>	Row Merge	Merges the cell downward with rows below it (rowspan).	data(<rm>Date</rm>, Job; <cm>, Engineer)

Note on Tag Transfer: When merging (<cm>, <rm>) or expanding ranges across styled cells (<fs>, <b>, <i>, <color>, <bg>, <left>, <center>, <right>), TenTags automatically transfers and preserves all formatting across cell boundaries in both HTML and Excel outputs.

Dynamic Data Expressions: In addition to the 10 markup tags above, TenTags data(...) supports dynamic line numbering (#), variable context substitution (VarName), CSV URL/file import (csv(...)), and cell range expansion (A1:B3).

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🛠️ API Reference

tentags.render(formula: str, context: dict = None) -> str

Parses the input DSL formula string and returns a complete <table>...</table> HTML string.

• formula: String in format 'rows, cols, border_width, "border_color", "border_style", margin, row_height, data(...)'.
• context: Optional dictionary of variable names and their replacement values ({'VarName': 'Value'}).

tentags.parse(formula: str, context: dict = None) -> TableModel

Parses the formula into a structured TableModel instance containing 2D cell grids (CellDesc), BorderFlags, and styles without generating HTML.

tentags.render_html(model: TableModel) -> str

Renders a previously parsed TableModel instance into an HTML string.

tentags.render_xlsx(model: TableModel, output_filename: str) -> None

Exports a TableModel directly to an Excel .xlsx file using openpyxl. Applies openpyxl.styles.Font (bold, italic, color), openpyxl.styles.PatternFill (background color), and openpyxl.styles.Border according to the table formula. Requires pip install tentags[excel].

tentags.render_pdf(model: TableModel, output_filename: str) -> None

Exports a TableModel directly to a vector PDF file using ReportLab. Translates IR coordinates, merged cell regions (SPAN), background fills (BACKGROUND), fonts, alignments, and border grids into native ReportLab TableStyle commands. Automatically selects portrait or landscape page orientation based on column count. Requires pip install tentags[pdf].

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🧪 Running Tests

To run the standalone test suite and generate sample visual outputs:

python test_library.py

Generated output files include:

• test_output.html — Summary HTML report of all rendered tables
• test_output.xlsx — Basic Excel table
• test_style_output.xlsx — Excel with styling tags
• Q3_Financial_Dashboard.xlsx / .pdf — Financial dashboard in Excel and PDF
• Enterprise_Budget_Matrix.xlsx / .pdf — Enterprise budget matrix in Excel and PDF

PDF files require pip install tentags[pdf] (ReportLab).

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📄 License

Licensed under the MIT License. Copyright (c) 2026 Zhandos Mambetali.