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TorchNEP

Train NEP machine-learned interatomic potentials in PyTorch — the models run directly in GPUMD.

PyPI Python Tests Documentation License: GPL v3 Downloads

Documentation · Quick start · Examples · Citation

TorchNEP is a from-scratch implementation of NEP4, the neuroevolution potential architecture.

  • GPUMD-compatible — nep.txt files load directly into GPUMD for molecular dynamics
  • Two-stage training — a force-focused stage, then an energy-focused stage
  • Multi-GPU and multi-node — data-parallel training with near-linear scaling
  • Fast on NVIDIA and AMD — torch.compile with automatic backend selection, tuned on CUDA and ROCm
  • Memory-friendly — the dataset stays in host memory; GPU memory scales with the batch, not the dataset
  • Fine-tuning, ZBL, plots — start from any nep.txt, add short-range repulsion, plot every run

Training speed and scaling

Installation

Install the PyTorch build for your hardware first, then:

pip install torchnep -U

Optional extras: torchnep[ase] (ASE calculator), torchnep[plot] (figures), torchnep[all].

Quick start

from torchnep import train_nep

train_nep("nep.in", "train.xyz", output_dir="output", valid_ratio=0.1)

The best model is written to output/nep_best.txt. The documentation covers nep.in, the training data format, multi-GPU training, restart and fine-tuning, prediction, the ASE calculator and plotting.

Citation

@misc{wu2026torchne,
      title={TorchNEP: Ultra-Efficient and Accurate Training of Neuroevolution Potentials},
      author={Yong-Chao Wu and Xiaoya Chang and Tero Mäkinen and Amin Esfandiarpour and Jian-Li Shao and Tapio Ala-Nissila and Zheyong Fan and Mikko Alava},
      year={2026},
      eprint={2606.19557},
      archivePrefix={arXiv},
      primaryClass={physics.comp-ph},
      url={https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.19557},
}

Metadata

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